While many science books would have you believe the Earth's lower mantle—the layer deep below the crust—is smooth, it's actually made up of a mountainous-like topography that moves and changes just ...

A newly analyzed set of climate data points to a major volcanic eruption that may have played a key role in the Black Death’s arrival. Cooling and crop failures across Europe pushed Italian states to ...

Suggested Citation: "5 Strengthening Volcano Science." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Volcanic Eruptions and Their Repose, Unrest ...

The Black Death — one of the deadliest pandemics in human history, estimated to have killed up to half of Europe’s population — might have been set in motion by a volcanic eruption, a new study ...

A Martian volcano once thought to be the result of a single eruption turns out to have a much more complex past. Orbital imaging and mineral data show it developed through multiple eruptive phases, ...

Ethiopian volcano eruption: On Sunday, November 23, 2025, Ethiopia’s Hayli Gubbi volcano erupted for the first time in over 10,000 years, leaving scientists and locals stunned. The eruption sent ...

A circular scar on Alaska’s face speaks to an event that may have contributed to the fall of societies on the far side of the world. Two thousand years ago, Alaska’s Mount Okmok volcano spewed ash ...

A massive volcanic eruption can cool the planet within months. What happens next may take centuries. Currently, this potential consequence is a large part of current research being conducted on the ...

The alert level for Mauna Loa is currently “normal”; we expect to see additional changes such as increased seismicity or gas emissions before any future eruption. Even during quiet times, keeping a ...