Scientists have developed a novel protein evolution approach dubbed optovolution that uses light to guide the evolution of proteins with dynamic, multi-state, and computational functions based on ...

From the perspective of complex systems, the study reveals the universality, specificity, and explanatory power of underlying rules governing urban system evolution. An international team from the ...

SURD, an algorithm, reveals causal links in complex systems. Applications may include forecasting climate to projecting population growth to designing efficient aircraft. Getting to the heart of ...

Physical principles of evolution / Peter Schuster -- The interplay of replication, variation and selection in the dynamics of evolving populations / Richard A. Blythe -- A simple general model of ...